Proximity Card

TL;DR: A proximity card (prox card) is a contactless access credential that uses RFID technology to grant or deny entry when held near a reader.

What is a Proximity Card?

A proximity card is a contactless smart card that uses radio frequency identification (RFID) to communicate with an access control system. It allows users to unlock doors or access secured areas without physical contact, simply by holding the card near a reader.

Prox cards are commonly used in office buildings, hotels, and restricted facilities due to their convenience and security.

How Does a Proximity Card Work?

1. Card Presentation – The user holds the card near a proximity reader.
2. RFID Communication – The card’s embedded chip transmits a unique ID to the reader via radio waves.
3. Authentication – The access control system verifies the card ID against its database.
4. Access Granted or Denied – If valid, the door unlocks; if not, access is denied.

For example, employees in an office use proximity cards to enter secured areas by tapping them on a reader.

Types of Proximity Cards

1. 125 kHz Proximity Cards – Standard low-frequency cards used in most access control systems.
2. 13.56 MHz Smart Cards – High-frequency cards with encrypted data storage for enhanced security.
3. Mobile Credentials – Digital versions of proximity cards stored on smartphones via NFC or Bluetooth.

How to Implement a Proximity Card System

1. Choose Compatible Readers – Select readers that support the card frequency (125 kHz or 13.56 MHz).
2. Enroll Users & Assign Cards – Register each user’s card ID in the access control system.
3. Configure Access Permissions – Define who can access which areas and at what times.
4. Monitor & Update – Track access logs and deactivate lost or stolen cards.

Conclusion

Proximity cards offer a secure, contactless, and efficient way to manage access control. Their widespread use in businesses, hotels, and government buildings makes them a reliable solution for modern security systems.